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{No Model.) 2 sheets Sheet I H. HANSEN.

GAR BRAKE AND STARTER.

No. 359,152. Patented M3 11. 8, 1887.

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. H. HANSEN.

GAR BRAKE AND STARTER.

- Patented Mar a: m BN wi cmcooeo 51 VVQG'VI I O z N. PETERs.Fhclo-ljlhogr1phen Wnhingtnn. 3 c4 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFI CE.

HANS HANSEN, OF COPENHAGEN, DENMARK.

CAR BRAKE AND STARTER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 359,152, dated March 8,1887.

Application filed November 23, 1386. Serial No. 219,645. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HANs HANSEN, a subject of the King of Denmark,residing at the city of Copenhagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Brakingand Starting Rotary Axles; and I do declare the following to be a full,clear, and exact description of theinvention, such as will enable othersskilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same,reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part ofthis specification, and in which- Figure 1 is a bottom view of the frameof a railway-car provided with my improved brake and starting device.Fig. -2,is a longitudinal vertical sectional view of the same on line oras, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an axial sectional view of the spring-case uponthe axle, and Fig. 4 is a transverse sectional view of the same.

Similar numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in all thefigures.

My invention has relation to that class of devices for braking and againstarting revolving shafts or axles especially adapted for starting andstopping railway-cars or tranrcars in which the last revolutions of theaxle or shaft wind a spring or springs, which on being released willgive to the axle or shaft the power stored in them; and it consists inthe improved construction and combination of parts of such a device, ashereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, the numeral 1 indicates the axle of onepair of wheels, only one-half of the car being shown, and a sleeve, 2,fits upon the middle of the axle and has a head, 3, secured to one endof it, the said head having the sides 4; of a drum secured to itsperiphery. The end of the drum attached to the head is formed with aratchet-rim, 5, and the head is formed with a truncate conical flange,6, upon its outer side. A correspondingly-shaped head, 7, is providedwith asleeve, 8, which fits upon the sleeve of the other head and has atruncate conical flange, 9, upon its outer face and a ratchet-rim, 10,flush with the periphery of the drum, against the open end of which itbears. The sleeve of this head is provided with a number ofratchet-rims, 11,

having their teeth facing in a direction oppo site to the teeth of theouter ratchetrims, and collars 12 fit upon the ratchet-sleeve and havepawls 13, pivoted in recesses 14 in them, engaging the ratchet-rims withthe said pawls. The inner ends of flat helical springs 15 are secured tothese collars, and the outer ends of the springs are secured in lids orcovers 16, secured by screw-bolts 18 in the outer drum, the said drumhaving apertures 19 in its periphery covered by the said lids.

Sleeves 20, having peripherally-grooved ends 21, fit upon the axle atthe outside of the heads, which are prevented from slidinglongitudinally upon the axle by means of collars 22 upon the axle, andthe said grooved sleeves slide with their grooved hubs upon feathers 23upon the axle, and have disks 24 upon them, which disks are formed withinwardlyinclined flanges 25 at their edges, which flanges may fit uponand bear against the outer sides of the conical flanges upon thedrum-heads.

The ratchet-rims upon the periphery of the drum are engaged by twopawls, 26 and 27, respectively pivoted upon cams 28 and 29, pivoted uponshafts 30 and 31, parallel to the axle, and each pawl is provided withan arm, 32, pivoted to it, and having a longitudinal slot, 33, withwhich it slides upon a pin, 34, upon the cam, the said slotted arm andpin allowing the pawl to engage the ratchet-rim and to slide over itsteeth when the cam is tilted with its upper end away from the drum,while they will raise the pawl from the engagement with the ratchet-rimwhen the cam is tilted with its upper end toward the drum, theconstruction of the pawls and the cams being clearly shown in Fig. 4 ofthe drawings.

The shafts having the cams upon them are journaled transversely to theframe of the car, parallel to the axle, at both sides of the upperportion of the drum, and rods and 36 are pivoted to the upper ends ofthe said cams, and pass over the axle and to each end of the car,havingsprings 37 and 38 upon them, which serve to draw the rods back,and each rod is pivoted at its end to the arm of a bell-crank, 39,pivoted under the end of the floor of the car, and having the lower endof a verticallysliding rod, 40, pivoted to its other arm, the

said vertically-sliding rod having a treadleplate, 41, upon its upperend.

Arms 42 and 43 are pivoted, respectively, upon bolts 44 and 45,projecting from the under side of the frame of the car, rocking in ahorizontal plane, and each of these rods, having its fulcrum inside ofthe axle, is provided with a stirrup, 46, which surrounds the groove inthe end of each of the sleeves sliding upon the axle, and which isprovided with a suitable pin, 47, engaging the groove, so that the saidsleeves may be moved by tilting the arms. The ends of the arms arepivoted to the ends of transverse rods 48, the ends of which rods areprovided with chains 49, passing over pulleys 50, j ournaled under theframe of the car at both sides of the axle and at both sides of thelongitudinal axle of the car, each axle having four pulleys surroundingits drum and placed inarectangle around the said drum.

Rods 51 are secured with their inner ends to the chains of the pulleysat the same side, two rods passing to one end of. the ear and two rodspassing to the other end of the car, and the outer ends of these rodsare connected by means of a chain, 52, winding from opposite sides upona vertical drum, 53, upon the lower end of a brake-shaft, 54, having asuitable handle, 55, at its upper end, and journaled in verticalbearings at the end of the car.

When the car is in motion, the disks upon the sleeves sliding upon theaxle are in such a position that they may revolve freely with the axlewithout coming in contact with the conical flanges of the heads of thedrum, and when it now is desired to stop the car, supposing the car totravel in the direction of the arrow A in the drawings, the brake-handleis revolved in the direction of the curved arrow B, which will draw theouter ends of the arms engaging the sliding sleeves to the side, slidingthe sleeve toward the drum, so as to bring the inclined flange of thedisk upon the sleeve to bear against the conical flange 9 upon the head7, so that the said head and its sleeve will be revolved with the axle,causing the ratchet-rims upon the sleeve to engage the pawls, and thusto wind the springs upon the sleeves, the said winding of the springsgradually stopping the revolution of the axle. The brake-handle may nowbe released, the pawls holding the drum from being revolved, and when,now, the handle is revolved to the other side in the direction of thearrow 0 the other sleeve and disk will be brought into frictionalcontact with the conical flange upon the other head of the drum, whenthe pawl may be released which holds the drum by forcing the treadledown at the end of the car, while the other pawl holds the head at theother end of the drum in position, so that the force of the unwindingsprings communicated to the drum will be communicated to the axlethrough the conical flange of the head of the drum and the disk andsleeve upon the axle being held firmly against the conical flange.

The car may be provided with the device upon one axle and be operatedfrom both ends of the car, or both axles may be provided with thedevice, either each device being operated from its end of the car orboth devices being operated simultaneously from "both ends, theconnecting rods and chains being carried from one device to the other.

As before stated, this device, although principally intended forrailway-cars, and especially for street-railway cars, may be used forstopping and again starting other revolving axles or shafts-as, forexample, shafts of gas machines-where there is liability of the shaftstopping at a dead-center, necessitating the starting of the shaftbefore the power of the machine may be exerted upon it.

Having thus described my invention, I claim and desire to secure byLetters Patent of the United States- 1. In a device for stopping andstarting axles and shafts, the combination of a drum secured thereto,the periphery of which is provided with an aperture, a lid for saidaperture, a spring secured to said lid and to the sleeve or axle of saiddrum, and means, substantially as described, for operating said drum andspring.

2. In a device for stopping and starting axles or shafts, thecombination of a drum secured thereto, consisting of two heads, one ofwhich has a sleeve and a periphery or side and the other head only aratcheted sleeve, a cam around said sleeves, pawls pivoted to saidcollar and engaging with said ratcheted sleeve, a spring secured to saidcollar at one end and to the inner side or periphery of the drum at theother, and means, substantially as described, for operating said drumand spring.

3. In a device for stopping and starting axles or shafts, thecombination of a springactuated drum secured thereto, each head of thedrum having a ratchet around its periphery, two cams pivotally securedupon the under side of the car, a pawl pivoted to each of said cams, apin upon each cam, an arm having a slot at one end secured to said pawland said pin, and means, substantially as described, for operating thesame.

4. In a device for stopping and starting axles or shafts, thecombination of a springactuated drum secured thereto, each head of thedrum having a flange upon its side, two flanged disks adapted to slidelongitudinally upon the axle and engage with the flanges upon the headsof the drum, two arms pivotally secured to the bottom of the ear andengaging with said disks, two rods secured to and connecting theopposite ends of said arms, four rollers secured to the bottom of thecar, a chain secured to each end of said rods and passed around eachroller, a brake-rod secured to each end of said chains, and means,substantially as described, for operating the same.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

Witnesses: HANS HANSEN.

FREDERIK WoLFF, SIGVARD REDDERSEN.

IIO

